Ivermectin Tablet uses, is an anti parasite medication used to treat head lice, onchocerciasis, strongyloidiasis, ascariasis, trichuriasis, and enterobiasis.
Ivermectin is a semi-synthetic antiparasitic medication derived from avermectins, a class of highly-active broad-spectrum antiparasitic agents isolated from the fermentation products of Streptomyces avermitilis. Ivermectin Tablet uses itself is a mixture of two avermectins , comprising roughly 90% 5-O-demethyl-22,23-dihydroavermectin A1a (22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a) and 10% 5-O-demethyl-25-de(1-methylpropyl)-22,23-dihydro-25-(1-methylethyl)avermectin A1a (22,23-dihydroavermectin B1b)
Ivermectin tablet Uses
Administered topically, ivermectin cream is indicated for the treatment of inflammatory lesions associated with rosacea. An over-the-counter ivermection lotion is commercially available and indicated for the topical treatment of head lice infestations in patients ≥6 months of age.
Orally administered Ivermectin Tablet uses is indicated as a broad-spectrum anti-parasitic for the treatment of intestinal strongyloidiasis caused by Strongyloides stercoralis and onchocerciasis caused by Onchocerca volvulus. Systemic ivermectin therapy is used internationally for the treatment of various tropical diseases, including filariasis, cutaneous larva migrans, and Loa loa infection, amongst others.
Pharmacodynamics:
Ivermectin is a semisynthetic, anthelminitic agent. It is an avermectin, a group of pentacyclic sixteen-membered lactones (i.e. a macrocyclic lactone disaccharide) derived from the soil bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis. Avermectins are potent and broad-spectrum anti-parasitic agents.
Mechanism of action:
Ivermectin binds selectively and with high affinity to glutamate-gated chloride ion channels in invertebrate muscle and nerve cells of the microfilaria. This binding causes an increase in the permeability of the cell membrane to chloride ions and results in hyperpolarization of the cell, leading to paralysis and death of the parasite. Ivermectin also is believed to act as an agonist of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), thereby disrupting GABA-mediated central nervous system (CNS) neurosynaptic transmission. Ivermectin Tablet uses may also impair normal intrauterine development of O. volvulus microfilariae and may inhibit their release from the uteri of gravid female worms.
Absorption:
Moderately well absorbed. Improved absorption with high fat meal.
Volume of distribution
The volume of distribution is 3 to 3.5 L/kg and it does not cross the blood-brain barrier.
Protein binding
93%
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic. Ivermectin and/or its metabolites are excreted almost exclusively in the feces over an estimated 12 days, with less than 1 % of the administered dose excreted in the urine.
Route of elimination
Ivermectin is metabolized in the liver, and ivermectin and/or its metabolites are excreted almost exclusively in the feces over an estimated 12 days, with less than 1% of the administered dose excreted in the urine.
Half-life:
Following oral administration, the half-life of ivermectin is approximately 18 hours.
Toxicity:
Used appropriately, topically applied ivermectin lotions and creams are unlikely to cause significant toxicity. With accidental or intentional significant exposure to unknown quantities of veterinary formulations of ivermectin (by ingestion, inhalation, injection, or significant body surface area exposure) patients have reported rash, edema, headache, dizziness, asthenia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Other less common effects include seizure, ataxia, dyspnea, abdominal pain, paresthesia, urticaria, and contact dermatitis. Overdosage with orally administered Ivermectin Tablet uses was lethal in mice and rats (at doses several-fold higher than the recommended dose), with death preceded by significant ataxia, bradypnea, tremors, ptosis, decreased activity, emesis, and mydriasis.
If overdosage of ivermectin is suspected, initiate supportive therapy as clinically indicated, including the use of parenteral fluids and electrolytes, respiratory support, and pressor agents to manage hypotension. Induction of emesis or gastric lavage may be considered alongside other purgatives and routine anti-poison measures if clinically indicated.
Food Interactions:
Take on an empty stomach. Oral ivermectin should be taken on an empty stomach with a glass of water.Next article
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