Cyproheptadine Uses, is a potent competitive antagonist of both serotonin and histamine receptors. It is used primarily to treat allergic symptoms, though it is perhaps more notable for its use in appetite stimulation and its off-label use in the treatment of serotonin syndrome.
Cyproheptadine Uses
cyproheptadine is indicated for the treatment of various allergic symptomatologies – including dermatographia, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and urticaria – as well as adjunctive therapy in the management of anaphylaxis following treatment with epinephrine.
- indicated for the treatment of pruritus and for appetite stimulation.
- additionally for the treatment vascular headaches.
- used off-label for the treatment of serotonin syndrome.
Mechanism of action
Cyproheptadine appears to exert its antihistamine and antiserotonin effects by competing with free histamine and serotonin for binding at their respective receptors. Antagonism of serotonin on the appetite center of the hypothalamus may account for cyproheptadine’s ability to stimulate the appetite.
Absorption
A single study examining the difference in absorption of orally administered versus sublingually administered Cyproheptadine Uses 4 hours and 9.6 hours, respectively.
Metabolism
The principal metabolite found in human urine has been identified as a quaternary ammonium glucuronide conjugate of cyproheptadine.
Route of elimination
Approximately 2-20% of the radioactivity from an orally administered radio-labeled dose of cyproheptadine is excreted in the feces, of which approximately 34% is unchanged parent drug (less than 5.7% of the total dose). At least 40% of radioactivity is recovered in the urine.
Toxicity
Overdosage with Cyproheptadine Uses is likely to result in significant sedation – although paradoxical stimulation has been noted in pediatric patients – and anticholinergic adverse effects such as dry mouth and flushing. Most patients appear to recover without incident.
In the event of overdosage with cyproheptadine, prescribing information recommends the induction of vomiting (if it has not occurred spontaneously) using syrup of ipecac. Gastric lavage and activated charcoal may also be considered. Vasopressors may be used to treat hypotension and intravenous physostigmine salicylate may be considered for the treatment of significant CNS symptoms depending on the clinical picture.
Food Interactions
Avoid alcohol. Co-administration with alcohol may potentiate the sedative effects of cyproheptadine.
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